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LOD #1STO XLOD XADD #3STO YHLT(2) Explain machine code execution with the fetch-decode-execute cycle. Main memoryfetch instrution Decode instrutionRegistersGet dataExecute the instrutionMain memory(3) Explain functions about IR, PC, ACC registers in a CPU."/>

	
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      <h1 class="f1 athelas mt3 mb1">第七周作业</h1>
      
      
      <time class="f6 mv4 dib tracked" datetime="2020-10-20T13:33:11+08:00">October 20, 2020</time>

      
      
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    <div class="nested-copy-line-height lh-copy serif f4 nested-links nested-img mid-gray pr4-l w-two-thirds-l"><h2 id="1-program-with-machine-language-according-to-the-following-c---brint_8-a--1---brint_8-c--a--3">1. Program with machine language according to the following c.   <br/>int_8 a = 1;   <br/>int_8 c = a + 3;</h2>
<h3 id="1-write-your-assembly-code--machine-code">(1) Write your assembly code &amp; machine code.</h3>
<p>assembly code:<br/></p>
<pre><code>LOD #1
STO X
LOD X
ADD #3
STO Y
HLT
</code></pre><h3 id="2-explain-machine-code-execution-with-the-fetch-decode-execute-cycle">(2) Explain machine code execution with the fetch-decode-execute cycle.</h3>
<pre><code>Main memory
fetch instrution 
Decode instrution
Registers
Get data
Execute the instrution
Main memory
</code></pre><h3 id="3-explain-functions-about-ir-pc-acc-registers-in-a-cpu">(3) Explain functions about IR, PC, ACC registers in a CPU.</h3>
<p>IR:指令寄存器,用于暂存当前正在执行的指令。</p>
<p>PC:程序计数器,PC寄存器中的内容,是下一条要取的指令的16位存储单元地址,在程序执行的过程中,PC中的值会自动加一。</p>
<p>ACC:累加寄存器,既可以存放操作数，也可以存放中间结果。</p>
<h3 id="4-explain-physical-meaning-about-vars-a--c-in-a-machine">(4) Explain physical meaning about vars a &amp; c in a machine.</h3>
<p>两者是实例。</p>
<h2 id="2-简答题">2. 简答题</h2>
<h3 id="1-what-are-stored-in-memory">(1) What are stored in memory?</h3>
<p>Data and procedures.</p>
<h3 id="2-can-a-data-or-a-instruction-stored-in-the-same-place">(2) Can a data or a instruction stored in the same place?</h3>
<p>Yes.</p>
<h3 id="3-explain-instruction-format-with-example-instructions">(3) Explain Instruction Format with example instructions.</h3>
<p>ADD X :00000000 10000000 前八位称命令指示，第四位为寻址模式，例子中为0，表示操作数是该地址的内容；后八位称为操作数，表示数值或地址，例子中表示内存中地址128。整个例子表示加上将内存地址128中的数据。</p>
<h2 id="3-维基百科">3. 维基百科</h2>
<h3 id="1-汇编语言assembly-languagehttpsenwikipediaorgwikiassembly_language">(1) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_language">汇编语言（Assembly Language）</a></h3>
<p>In computer programming, <strong>assembly language</strong> (or assembler language), often abbreviated asm, is any low-level programming language in which there is a very strong correspondence between the instructions in the language and the architecture&rsquo;s machine code instructions. Because assembly depends on the machine code instructions, every assembly language is designed for exactly one specific computer architecture. Assembly language may also be called symbolic machine code.</p>
<h3 id="2-编译compilerhttpsenwikipediaorgwikicompiler">(2) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler">编译（Compiler）</a></h3>
<p>In computing, a <strong>compiler</strong> is a computer program that translates computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another language (the target language). The name &ldquo;compiler&rdquo; is primarily used for programs that translate source code from a high-level programming language to a lower level language (e.g., assembly language, object code, or machine code) to create an executable program.</p>
<h3 id="3-命令式语言imperative-programminghttpsenwikipediaorgwikiimperative_programming">(3) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperative_programming">命令式语言（Imperative programming）</a></h3>
<p>In computer science, <strong>imperative programming</strong> is a programming paradigm that uses statements that change a program&rsquo;s state. In much the same way that the imperative mood in natural languages expresses commands, an imperative program consists of commands for the computer to perform. Imperative programming focuses on describing how a program operates.</p>
<h3 id="4-函数编程语言functional-programminghttpsenwikipediaorgwikifunctional_programming">(4) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_programming">函数编程语言（Functional programming）</a></h3>
<p>In computer science, <strong>functional programming</strong> is a programming paradigm where programs are constructed by applying and composing functions. It is a declarative programming paradigm in which function definitions are trees of expressions that each return a value, rather than a sequence of imperative statements which change the state of the program.</p>
<h3 id="5-过程式编程procedural-programminghttpsenwikipediaorgwikiprocedural_programming">(5) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procedural_programming">过程式编程（Procedural programming）</a></h3>
<p><strong>Procedural programming</strong> is a programming paradigm, derived from structured programming,[citation needed] based on the concept of the procedure call. Procedures (a type of routine or subroutine) simply contain a series of computational steps to be carried out. Any given procedure might be called at any point during a program&rsquo;s execution, including by other procedures or itself. The first major procedural programming languages appeared circa 1957–1964, including Fortran, ALGOL, COBOL, PL/I and BASIC. Pascal and C were published circa 1970–1972.</p>
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